Short answer
Malware can steal data, encrypt files, spy, display scams or give attackers control.
Common types
Viruses, trojans, ransomware, spyware and malicious browser extensions are common examples.
How it spreads
Malware often spreads through fake downloads, attachments, vulnerable software, pirated software and deceptive links.
Basic protection
Update systems and browsers, use security software, keep backups and install software only from sources you trust.
Common questions
Does VPN protect against malware?
VPN does not directly protect against malicious files or fake websites.
Do backups help against ransomware?
Yes, good offline or versioned backups can make recovery possible.