What is a VPN?
VPN stands for Virtual Private Network. It's a service that creates an encrypted connection between your device and a server operated by the VPN provider. All your internet traffic passes through this server, which hides your real IP address.
How Does a VPN Work?
When you use a VPN:
- Your traffic is encrypted – No one can see what you're doing online
- Your IP is hidden – Websites see the VPN server's IP, not yours
- Your location is masked – You can appear to be in a different country
Think of it as a secure tunnel between your device and the internet. Anyone trying to see your traffic can only see encrypted data going to the VPN server.
Why Use a VPN?
Privacy and Anonymity
A VPN prevents websites, advertisers, and your ISP from tracking your online activity based on your IP address.
Security on Public WiFi
Public WiFi at cafes, airports, and hotels is often unsecured. A VPN encrypts your data so hackers on the same network can't intercept your traffic.
Access Geo-Restricted Content
Some streaming services and websites are only available in certain countries. By connecting to a VPN server in that country, you can access the content.
Bypass Censorship
In some countries, certain websites are blocked. A VPN can help you access the open internet.
What to Look for in a VPN
No-Log Policy
Choose a VPN that doesn't keep logs of your activity. This means even if someone asks, the VPN provider has nothing to share about what you did online.
Strong Encryption
Look for VPNs that use AES-256 encryption and modern protocols like WireGuard or OpenVPN.
Kill Switch
A kill switch cuts your internet connection if the VPN drops, preventing your real IP from being exposed accidentally.
Server Locations
More server locations mean more options for where you can appear to be located.
Speed
VPNs can slow down your connection. Good VPNs minimize this impact.
VPN Protocols
Common VPN protocols include:
- WireGuard – Modern, fast, and secure. Recommended.
- OpenVPN – Established, secure, widely supported
- IKEv2 – Good for mobile devices, handles network changes well
- L2TP/IPsec – Older but still reasonably secure
- PPTP – Outdated and insecure. Avoid.
Limitations of VPNs
VPNs are powerful tools, but they don't make you completely anonymous:
- Websites can still track you through cookies and browser fingerprinting
- Your VPN provider can potentially see your traffic (choose a trustworthy one)
- VPNs can't protect you from malware or phishing
- Some services actively block VPN users
Free vs Paid VPNs
Free VPNs often have limitations:
- Data caps and slower speeds
- Fewer server locations
- May sell your data or show ads
- Less reliable security
Paid VPNs generally offer:
- Unlimited data and better speeds
- More servers and locations
- Better privacy policies
- Customer support
For serious privacy protection, a paid VPN is recommended.
How to Test Your VPN
After connecting to your VPN, visit VisaIP.se to verify:
- Your IP address should show the VPN server's IP, not your real one
- Your location should match the VPN server's location
- Check for WebRTC, DNS, and IPv6 leaks